Kumasekhethi ezimoto, ukudluliselwa kwezimoto kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zokulawula, eziqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile nokuphepha kwemoto. Abagcini nje ngokulawula imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yezimoto kodwa futhi bayisixhumanisi esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukushayela okuphephile. Ukukhetha ukudluliselwa kwezimoto okufanele akukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwemoto yakho kodwa futhi kudlale indima ebalulekile ezikhathini ezibucayi.
Ingaphakathi lezimoto liphinde lifakwe amadivayisi afana namaswishi-okudluliselwa phambili.
Okulandelayo, lapho kukhethwa i-automotive relay, imingcele yokufaka nokuphumayo, kanye nezici zemvelo nezokuphepha, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwemoto. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha, kufanele sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe izici eziningi ezifana namapharamitha okokufaka, imingcele yokukhiphayo, imingcele yesikhathi, izimo zemvelo, nemithethonqubo yokuphepha ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi ukudluliselwa okukhethiwe kufana ngokuphelele futhi kwenza umsebenzi ohlosiwe.
Lapho sikhetha i-relay yezimoto, sidinga ukucabangela izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ukuze siqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile nokuphepha kwemoto.
Izimiso Zokukhetha Ipharamitha Yokufaka
► Ukugxila Kwepharamitha Eyisisekelo
Lapho sikhetha i-automotive relay, sidinga ukugxila kumingcele yokufaka efana ne-coil rated voltage, i-operating voltage, i-release voltage, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ekhoyili, ubuningi obuqhubekayo bamanje, nokumelana namakhoyili. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha, kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi le mingcele ihambisana nezidingo zangempela zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-relay.
► Umthelela Wezinga Lokushisa Lendawo
Imingcele yokusebenza yokudlulisela iyahlukahluka ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokushisa, ezidinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela. Amalayidi ezimoto ngokuvamile asebenza endaweni yenjini nasezindaweni zabagibeli, ezinomkhawulo wokushisa ophezulu ongu-125℃kanye no-85℃ngokulandelanayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukumelana namakhoyili kushintsha nezinga lokushisa le-ambient, okuthinta ukudonsa{4}}kwe-relay kanye nokukhulula ama-voltage.
► Ukucatshangelwa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi kanye namandla
Imiklamo ye-voltage ephezulu yokusebenza kufanele icabangele umthelela wokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kukhoyili. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zama-voltage aphansi okusebenza, ukudluliselwa kwezimoto kuvame ukuklanywa ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu. Nokho, amandla kagesi asetshenziswa kukhoyili isikhathi eside kufanele alawulwe ku-120% wevoltheji elinganisiwe. Ikakhulukazi{4}}ezindaweni zokushisa eziphakeme, izinga lokushisa lekhoyili liyakhuphuka ngokushesha, lisheshisa inqubo yokuguga.
► Khipha Isethingi ye-Voltage
I-voltage ephumayo yakho kokubili i-DC ne-AC edlulisela kufanele ibe phakathi kwebanga elimisiwe. Uma i-voltage esele kusekethi idlula lobu bubanzi, i-relay izohluleka ukukhipha kahle.
► Emuva i-EMF kanye nezinyathelo Zokuvikela
Ukukhetha izakhi ezifanelekile ezifana nama-resistors noma ama-freewheeling diode kunganciphisa umthelela we-EMF engemuva. Ukuze ugweme ukulimala kumasekhethi e-elekthronikhi asuka ku-EMF engemuva, ama-relay afakelwe ama-resistors noma ama-freewheeling diode angakhethwa, kodwa ukumiswa okufanele kwe-polarity kagesi kufanele kuqinisekiswe.
Izimiso Zokukhetha Ipharamitha Yokukhipha
► Uhlobo loxhumene naye bese Layisha
Lapho ukhetha ama-relay ezimoto, amapharamitha okukhiphayo amaningi kufanele acatshangelwe ngokugcwele, okuhlanganisa inombolo yamaqembu okuxhumana, uhlobo lokuxhumana, umthwalo wokuxhumana, into yokuxhumana, impilo kagesi, nempilo yokusebenza. Lawa mapharamitha athinta ngqo ukusebenza nokusebenza kwe-relay. Uhlobo lokuxhumana lukhethwa ngokusekelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza oluthile, oluthinta umphumela wokulawula umjikelezo.
► Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zemithwalo
Ama-relay kufanele abe nezinyathelo ezithile zokubamba zemithwalo ehlukene ukugwema ukulimala kokuxhumana. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithwalo zizoba nemiphumela ehlukile koxhumana nabo. Isibonelo, imithwalo yezibani izokhiqiza i-inrush current; imithwalo yezimoto izokhiqiza i-EMF emuva; Imithwalo ye-inductive izokhiqiza ama-electromagnetic induction surges, njll. Ezisetshenziswa ezingokoqobo, ukunakwa okukhethekile kudingeka kukhokhwe ezicini zohlobo lomthwalo, futhi izinyathelo ezihambisanayo kufanele zithathwe ukuze kuvikelwe abathintwayo.
► Imininingwane Yokuxhumana Nokuvikela
Izinto zokuxhumana kufanele zibe nezici ezifana nokumelana okuphansi kokuxhumana nokumelana nokugqwala. Uma ukhetha izinto zokuxhumana ezidluliswayo, qinisekisa ukuthi ukumelana nokuxhumana kuhlala kuphansi futhi kuzinzile, nokuthi zinokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kanye -nezakhiwo zokunamathela.
Ukukhetha Isikhathi Nesimo Sendawo
► Amapharamitha esikhathi esibalulekile
Lapho ukhetha ama-relay, amapharamitha wesikhathi njengesikhathi sokusebenza awanawo umthelela omncane kuma-relay ezimoto, kodwa kuma-relay ahlanganisiwe, imvamisa ekhanyayo idinga ukucatshangelwa. Nakuba isikhathi sokusebenza ngokuvamile singeyona into eyinhloko ethinta ukudluliselwa kwezimoto, imvamisa ekhanyayo kanye nesikhathi sokulibaziseka kuba yizinto ezicatshangelwayo ezinkulu zokudlulisela okuhlanganisiwe.
► Ukuphatha Isimo Sendawo
Ama-relay adinga ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nezimo ezinomswakama, ezidinga umklamo ovaliwe. Lapho sikhetha ama-relay, kufanele sicabangele ngokugcwele izimo zemvelo ezihlukahlukene abazobhekana nazo, njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, nezimo zomswakama. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezindawo ezinomswakama, ikakhulukazi, zingase zisheshise ukuguga kwe-relay; ukukhetha umklamo ovaliwe kungavikela ngempumelelo ukuqina kwayo kokusebenza.
